Spring MVC JUnit testing

If you're interested in JUnit testing your Spring MVC controllers, feel free to visit Github repo containing very simple example of Spring MVC controller and JUnit test class testing it's endpoints. Project is implemented using Spring Boot framework.

The controller part looks like this:

package rs.dodalovic.demos.category;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/categories")
public class CategoriesController {

    private CategoryService categoryService;

    @RequestMapping
    public List<String> allCategories() {
        return categoryService.getAllCategories();
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/{categoryId}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ResponseEntity<String> showCategory(@PathVariable("categoryId") String categoryId) {
        final Optional<String> category = categoryService.getCategory(categoryId);
        if (category.isPresent()) {
            return ResponseEntity.ok(category.get());
        }
        return ResponseEntity.badRequest().body(categoryId);
    }

    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.POST, consumes = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE)
    public ResponseEntity<Void> createCategory(@RequestBody Category category) throws
            URISyntaxException {
        return ResponseEntity.created(new URI("http://localhost/categories/1")).body(null);
    }

    @Autowired
    public CategoriesController(CategoryService categoryService) {
        this.categoryService = categoryService;
    }
}

There's no special functionality, it uses CategoryService to fetch some data. Also, exposes http endpoints (showCategory, createCategory) we'll exercise in our test class, which is given below:

package rs.dodalovic.demos.category;

import org.hamcrest.core.StringContains;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.SpringApplicationConfiguration;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.mock.web.MockServletContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
import rs.dodalovic.demos.DemoApplication;

import java.util.Optional;

import static java.util.Arrays.asList;
import static org.mockito.BDDMockito.given;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.*;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = DemoApplication.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = MockServletContext.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
public class CategoriesControllerTest {
    private MockMvc mockMvc;
    private CategoryService categoryService;

    @Before
    public void beforeEachTest() {
        categoryService = mock(CategoryService.class);
        given(categoryService.getAllCategories()).willReturn(asList("Category 1", "Category 2", "Category 3"));
        mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(new CategoriesController(categoryService)).build();
    }

    @Test
    public void allCategories() throws Exception {
        mockMvc.perform(
                MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/categories")
                        .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
                .andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andExpect(content().string("[\"Category 1\",\"Category 2\",\"Category 3\"]"));
    }

    @Test
    public void asserts404ForNotExistingCategory() throws Exception {
        given(categoryService.getCategory("-1")).willReturn(Optional.empty());
        mockMvc.perform(
                MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/categories/-1")
                        .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
                .andExpect(status().is4xxClientError());
    }

    @Test
    public void assertsCategoryFound() throws Exception {
        given(categoryService.getCategory("1")).willReturn(Optional.of("Category 1"));
        mockMvc.perform(
                MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/categories/1")
                        .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
                .andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andExpect(content().string("Category 1"));
    }

    @Test
    public void postForbiddenToGetCategory() throws Exception {
        given(categoryService.getCategory("1")).willReturn(Optional.of("Category 1"));
        mockMvc.perform(
                MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/categories/1")
                        .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
                .andExpect(status().isMethodNotAllowed());
    }

    @Test
    public void createsCategory() throws Exception {
        mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/categories")
                .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
                .content("{\"name\":\"Category\"}")
        ).andExpect(status().isCreated())
                .andExpect(header().string("location", new StringContains("/categories/")));
    }
}

For those familiar with JUnit testing concept this should not be hard to understand. For the beginners - I suggest reading my earlier post. Basic idea is to mock dependency our controller class has, performing HTTP call, and asserting HTTP status, body, headers etc...

Once more, GitHub repo with sources.

That was all for today! Hope you liked it!